Video Reveals How Car Manufacturers Camouflage Their Secret Test Cars

Even though it happens often, automakers really don't want the public to see their new cars before they're officially revealed. However, those cars need to be tested in the real world, so automakers have to do their best to create a disguise. You've probably seen camouflaged cars in spy pictures, or even out in public, but you probably haven't seen how they're camouflaged.  

This video, which appears to be shot within a BMW facility, shows a 5-Series GT getting camouflaged before it heads out for real-world testing. It provides an insightful glimpse into a side of car building that the general public never gets to see.

First we see two engineers model plastic camouflage panels in a CAD program. The panels are fabricated and screwed directly onto the body—using sheetmetal screws driven right into the car's body panels—by two technicians. Stickers are applied to cover up other body parts like the fuel-filler door, and huge sheets of foam mask all the interior trim pieces.

The end result is a car that barely looks like a BMW, one that only keen-eyed car enthusiasts could recognize. It bears mentioning that the process displayed here is not the same as lightly camouflaged cars that are wrapped in patterned vinyl to conceal only the most specific details.

It's an interesting look at a side of the auto industry most car companies would rather you didn't see.

via r/cars

Reviewing The 2018 Maserati GranTurismo: Information, Photos and Specs

The Maserati GranTurismo range has been streamlined for 2018 and two well-defined versions will be offered - Sport and MC. The 4.2-litre GranTurismo has been discontinued, while the Sport and MC share the same powertrain and interior personalization packages. 

The MC - for Maserati Corse - takes on an important ambassadorial role for the entire Maserati range, representing the company's long and illustrious racing heritage. Replacing the previous MC Stradale, it offers a wide array of features already proven in other Maserati models. They include the five selectable operating modes. 


The naturally aspirated V8 unit is hand-assembled by Ferrari in Maranello and weighs only 175kg. The 4.7-litre engine features a wet sump and - exclusive to Maserati - a cross-plane crankshaft. This provides unrivalled throttle response, free-revving characteristics and a thrilling Maserati signature sound.

When it came to the MY18 restyle, the timeless Pininfarina design was treated with the utmost respect by the Maserati Design Centre. The results, among others, are even better aerodynamic efficiency and compliance with the latest pedestrian safety regulations.


The new front and rear bumpers of the MY18 GranTurismo elegantly refine the visual impact of the striking original styling. The Sport and MC share the same basic features, although each has unique inserts to accentuate its distinctive character. Additionally, the headlights for each model are slightly restyled for 2018, while a new rear parking camera is now integrated.

The front bumper features a larger, hexagonal grille with a 'shark nose' profile and a chrome insert all around. The new nose is inspired by the sensational Alfieri Concept car and adds a three-dimensional effect to the front view. This design also helps optimize airflow distribution and reduce aerodynamic drag.

The bumper's lateral air ducts, introduced in the MC Stradale and adopted across the GranTurismo range in 2012, are redesigned for 2018. By visually pushing the car's weight towards the front wheels, they convey a heightened sense of dynamic stability, while also contributing to improved aerodynamic efficiency.

The central splitter is the element that most clearly distinguishes the two models and the GranTurismo MC boasts an even more pronounced design, giving greater emphasis to the motor racing pedigree. The new front bumper and redesigned air splitter, meanwhile, reduce dynamic drag from 0.33 to 0.32.


The track-focused Maserati GranTurismo MC is equipped with a carbon-fibre bonnet in the body colour as standard. The bonnet also features downforce-optimizing air-vents. Additionally, there are iconic vertical air vents in the front wings, deep functional side skirts, titanium brake calipers (black in Sport) and 20" Trofeo Silver forged wheels, now 10% stronger and lighter. A pronounced rear lip spoiler is another dynamic highlight.

The headlights for 2018 maintain the same profile and LED/Bi-Xenon functionality, but feature discreet, internal restyling. This includes reshaped LED Daytime Running Lights, grooved housing in the Xenon lamp areas and the Maserati inscription in low relief. Additionally, the MC version's headlights feature a darker finish.

While the sleek body of the GranTurismo remains untouched, the rear bumper has been redesigned with the sole aim of emphasizing the natural elegance of this iconic GT. With its neater, more cohesive design, the new bumper further accentuates the impression of stability, while adding a graceful finishing touch to the car's unmistakable silhouette.

The central diffuser is specific to each version. The emphasis is on elegance with the GranTurismo Sport, with the oval exhaust outlets appearing at the bumper's edges. The GranTurismo MC is decisively sportier, with round outlets coming through the central, transparent diffuser. The exhaust system of the MC version is lighter and has a totally different shape and function. When in Sport mode, a valve channels exhaust gases so they completely bypass the silencer. This reduces back pressure and creates a breathtakingly sporty sound.

The exterior of the MY18 GranTurismo is available in 16 colours. A brand new three-layer colour is introduced (Blu Assoluto), while four more three-layer colours are now available on the entire range. There is a range of 14 light alloy wheels in six designs, one of which is in forged aluminium, and an exterior carbon package is offered both for Sport and MC versions.

The MY18 Maserati GranTurismo is fitted with new, lightweight, fourth-generation Pirelli P Zero™ tyres. These contribute to a reduction in unsprung weight plus better suspension performance and tyre grip. The new P Zero™ is designed to improve braking distances in dry and wet conditions, respectively by 4% and 5%, while improving mileage by at least 30%.

The elegant interior of the GranTurismo offers unparalleled comfort thanks to its four individual Poltrona Frau® leather seats with integrated headrests. For 2018, the dashboard features a more sculptured design in the passenger area, complemented in high-fashion style by stitched leather finishes.

The centrepiece of the dashboard is now a high-resolution, 8.4" capacitive touchscreen from the state-of-the art infotainment system. The GranTurismo system is in line with those featured in the other Maserati models and is compatible with both Apple CarPlay and Android Auto smartphone mirroring functions.

Both Maserati GranTurismo models also now feature the high-end Harman Kardon Premium Sound system as standard.

The climate and seat heating control are not integrated into the touchscreen function, although the central console area is still significantly neater, with fewer buttons than before. The lower console is redesigned to accommodate a user-friendly, double rotary dial - a standard feature on all Maserati models. Positioned next to the gear lever, this a high-quality component in forged aluminium. The driving modes button cluster is now in front of the gear lever.

Another interior refinement is a new Maserati clock with a double dial in a slightly more prominent position at the centre of the dashboard.

For 2018, there are eight interior colours and five interior trim options - from Carbon Fibre to Black Piano and Walnut Briarwood. All are available on Sport and MC versions.

The athletic character of the Maserati GranTurismo MC is even more striking when equipped with the Poltrona Frau® leather/Alcantara upholstery (optional in the US market), gearshift paddles and drilled aluminium foot pedals. Front Sport seats with carbon fibre backs are available as an option.

Nissan Next-gen Electric Leaf For September 6 Now Reveal

The look and tech behind Nissan‘s all-electric Leaf is starting to look a little long in the tooth, but in a few short months the Japanese car maker will be revealing a new next-generation model of the hatchback. Nissan took to Twitter on Friday to say that the new Leaf would premiere on September 6th, as well as share a small teaser image.

The image doesn’t reveal much, of course, besides a Nissan badge and what’s presumably a portion of the car’s grille. As far as details on new features, Nissan is remaining tight-lipped, although it seems likely the EV will include some of the technology that was shown off in 2015 on the IDS Concept vehicle— namely a focus on self-driving tech.

The other area where the Leaf will hopefully be improved upon is the 107-mile driving range offered by the car’s battery. Nissan obviously won’t be looking to compete with the 250 to 300-mile ranges on Tesla’s Model S, but with the current Leaf selling for $30,000 to $37,000, it’s soon going to be competing with the upcoming Model 3, which promises a range of over 200 miles.

We’ll just have to hold out through the summer to hear more from Nissan. But once the September reveal comes, we can expect the new Leaf to start hitting dealerships in 2018.

SOURCE Nissan

This Is What 1500-HP Bugatti Chiron Could Be Looking Like

What you're looking at above was very nearly the face of the Bugatti Chiron, before the current "eight eyes" design was ultimately chosen. Striking, isn't it? Where the production Chiron builds upon the Veyron's design language, this alternate-universe rendering is all about airflow—the whole front end is basically one giant intake. 

The design comes from the pen of Sasha Selipanov. He submitted this proposal when he was a designer at the VW Group, and was subsequently hired as Bugatti's chief exterior stylist. Higher-ups at the company didn't like this front-end treatment, though the back and sides remained largely the same from concept to production.

Bugatti also wanted the Chiron to have cameras in place of side-view mirrors, but the idea was nixed over fears that safety regulators wouldn't be too keen on them. Volkswagen experimented with cameras in place of mirrors before with its limited-production XL1, but it seems that this tech isn't quite yet ready for the mainstream.

Ultimately, the "eight eyes" look was probably the right choice for the Chiron. Still, this face would've looked plenty mean looming in your rear-view mirror.

via Motor1

Leaked Photos and Details Of 2019 Ram 1500

What It Is: Fiat Chrysler Automobiles’ money-making Ram 1500 truck is getting a major overhaul, and it’s about time—this generation was introduced for the 2009 model year. We expect styling will be evolutionary and that Ram won’t follow Ford down the aluminum road, using a steel bed and primarily steel body panels.  

The truck in these spy photos is almost entirely covered in camo, but peering through it as best we can, it appears as if the grille will partially bleed into the headlights, an industry-wide design trend. These photos also show a massive cab, possibly indicating the introduction of the Mega Cab to the 1500 series (it previously has been available only on the heavy-duty models) or simply that the truck is getting bigger. There also have been rumors, stoked due to a patent filing in 2014, that this next-gen Ram would have a split-door tailgate, but no center seam is evident on this test truck.

These shots provide a pretty clear look at the interior, highlighted by a massive squared-off UConnect infotainment screen. The redesigned climate controls feature a three-dial row beneath two radio knobs, and aeronautical-style switches can be seen at the bottom of the center stack. We also can see that Ram’s rotary gear selector survives the makeover.

Why It Matters: Just as the Golden State Warriors are clear leaders in the NBA, the Ford F-150 is the reigning champ in the pickup-truck space. But just as the Cavaliers, Spurs, Rockets, and Celtics aren’t simply rolling over, FCA’s truck division is launching its new offensive for the 2019 model year. The Ram will not only combat the F-150, it’ll spar with the Chevrolet Silverado and the GMC Sierra, which also are undergoing redesigns. Meanwhile, the chassis of this truck will underpin the upcoming Jeep Wagoneer, set to be one of Jeep’s biggest new-vehicle launches in years.

Platform: The 2019 Ram’s body-on-frame truck platform likely will carry over much from the current-generation pickups. These images also confirm the new model will continue to use a coil-spring suspension. There’s a lot of flexibility in this construction method, and it’s possible that in addition to a Mega Cab at one end of the scale, it could be adapted to create a mid-size entry to contend with the Chevrolet Colorado and the upcoming Ford Ranger.

Powertrain: Ram representatives tell us that 75 percent of their truck sales have included a Hemi powertrain, so it’s safe to assume that the next-generation 1500 will bring the 5.7-liter V-8 with it. Paperwork in these spy photos is blurry, but it mentions both the V-8 and the gasoline 3.6-liter V-6, as well as the eight-speed automatic transmission. Rumors suggest that this could be the first Ram to feature a V-6 with direct injection for more power and better fuel economy. Continuation of the turbo-diesel 3.0-liter V-6 almost certainly will depend entirely on the outcome of the current legal proceedings regarding possible cheater software in the Jeep Grand Cherokee and Ram models.


Competition: Chevrolet Silverado 1500, Ford F-150, GMC Sierra 1500, Nissan Titan, Toyota Tundra.

Estimated Arrival and Price: Look for the new Ram 1500 to make its debut early next year at the Detroit auto show. Pricing should be similar to today’s, and we expect revamped heavy-duty models using corresponding styling cues to arrive soon afterward.

Reviewing Audi RS5 Coupe: Specifications, Performance and Other Details

In the second generation of the Audi RS5 Coupe, Audi Sport is presenting its first model to feature the current RS design idiom. Its all-new 2.9 TFSI bi-turbo engine produces 331 kW (450 hp) and delivers 600 Nm (442.5 lb-ft) of torque. The standard quattro drive distributes the power to all four wheels.

"The new Audi RS5 Coupe is the gran turismo among the RS models from Audi Sport. The high-performance Coupe combines elegant aesthetics with high everyday usability. The car's V6 bi-turbo has been developed from the ground up and provides significantly more performance coupled with higher efficiency," said Stephan Winkelmann, CEO of Audi Sport GmbH, in describing the new model. 


The designers drew inspiration for the RS5 Coupe from the distinctive racing details of the Audi 90 quattro IMSA GTO. Massive air inlets with the honeycomb structure typical of RS models characterize the front end of the car. The Singleframe radiator grille is much wider and flatter than in the base model. Next to the headlights are additional lateral air intakes and outlets; tinted bezels differentiate the optional Matrix LED headlights. quattro blisters on the flanks emphasize the pronounced bulges over the wheel arches, which have been widened by 15 millimeters (0.6 in). As standard, these house 19-inch forged aluminum wheels, with 20-inch wheels available as an option. A sporty conclusion to the vehicle is provided by the RS-specific diffuser insert, the oval tailpipes of the RS exhaust system and a surface-mounted spoiler lip. With a length of 4,723 millimeters (185.9 in), the new Audi RS5 Coupe is 74 millimeters (2.9 in) longer than the previous model.

The 2.9 TFSI V6 bi-turbo engine, which Audi developed from the ground up, offers sharp increases in power and efficiency as well as an incomparably full-bodied RS sound. It delivers 331 kW (450 hp). And it's peak torque of 600 Nm (442.5 lb-ft) - 170 Nm (125.4 lb-ft) more than the previous model - is available across a broad engine speed range from 1,900 to 5,000 rpm. The top model in the A5 family sprints from 0 to 100 km/h (62.1 mph) in 3.9 seconds, and reaches a top speed of 250 km/h (155.3 mph) - with the optional RS dynamic package it can even reach 280 km/h (174.0 mph).

Both turbochargers of the 2.9 TFSI unit are centrally positioned inside the V of the engine and each of them supplies a single cylinder bank. The B-cycle combustion process with central direct injection represents a new level of efficiency within the RS family. In the NEDC, the V6 bi-turbo consumes just 8.7 liters of fuel per 100 kilometers (27.0 US mpg), which corresponds to 197 grams of CO2 per kilometer (317.0 g/mi). This is an efficiency gain of 17 percent over the previous model. Also beneficial for the new Audi RS5 Coupe is a drastic reduction in weight. The vehicle weighs in at 1,655 kilograms (3,648.7 lb) - 60 kilograms (132.3 lb) less than previously. A carbon roof with visible fiber structure is also available as an option.

The bi-turbo's power flows through a sportily-tuned, eight-speed tiptronic transmission with optimized shift times and on to the quattro permanent all-wheel drive which features a self-locking central differential. The drive forces are asymmetrically distributed between the axles in the ratio of 40:60. Dynamic handling with optimum traction and the best-possible levels of safety are thus guaranteed. Audi Sport also offers an optional rear sport differential.

A revised five-link construction is used on the front axle. At the rear, a five-link suspension replaces the trapezoidal-link suspension used on the previous model. This benefits the sporty driving characteristics and agility. It also improves comfort significantly. With the standard RS sport suspension, the new RS5 Coupe sits 7 millimeters (0.3 in) lower than the base model. As an alternative, Audi Sport also offers the RS sport suspension plus with Dynamic Ride Control (DRC), ceramic brakes and dynamic steering with RS-specific tuning. Drivers can make their personal driving experience more individual, dynamic or comfortable using the standard dynamic handling system Audi drive select.

Bathed in black, the interior is of an extremely high standard and sportily equipped. RS sport seats - optionally available in fine Nappa leather with honeycomb pattern - and the flat-bottomed RS multifunction sport leather steering wheel underscore the character of the high-performance Coupe in the interior as well. The steering wheel rim bears the RS badge, as do the front seat backrests and the shift gate. Special RS displays in the Audi virtual cockpit provide information on tire pressure, torque and g-forces. A shift light prompts the driver to upshift upon reaching the rev limit. The RS design package brings the sporty contrast color red into play on the center console as well as on the armrests, the seat belts and the floor mats with RS logo. The steering wheel, selector lever and knee pads are all covered with Alcantara. The Sonoma green design package from Audi exclusive enriches the interior with appropriately colored contrasting stitching - perfect for the new, exclusive exterior color.

A comprehensive range of infotainment choices is sure to keep everyone on board entertained. Optionally available, the MMI navigation plus with MMI touch includes the Audi connect hardware module. This connects the new RS5 Coupe to the internet using LTE technology. Thanks to the Audi connect SIM, which is permanently installed in the car, the flat-rate data package for the connect services including Europe-wide roaming is free of charge for three years. Passengers can browse the internet with their mobile devices via the Wi-Fi hotspot option. The Audi smartphone interface uses Apple Car Play and Android Auto to make selected apps available in a separate MMI menu. Operation is easy and intuitive, thanks to natural language voice control, free text search function and the multifunction steering wheel. The touchpad in the center console can be used to zoom, scroll and enter characters. Further high-end technologies, such as the head-up display and as many as 30 driver assistance systems enhance safety, comfort and efficiency. The intelligent interplay between these systems represents another step towards piloted driving.

The new high-performance Coupe is coming to dealerships in Germany and other European countries in June 2017. The base price is 80,900 euros.

Exterior design
The new Audi RS5 Coupe demonstrates its sporty character as a gran turismo at first glance. The designers drew inspiration for the car from the distinctive motorsport details of the Audi 90 quattro IMSA GTO. The front, sides and rear exhibit RS-typical differentiation. Measuring 4,723 millimeters (185.9 in) in length, the second generation of the Audi RS5 Coupe is 74 millimeters (2.9 in) longer than the predecessor model. The height is 1,360 millimeters (53.5 in) and thus 6 millimeters (0.2 in) lower than previously. At 1,861 millimeters (73.3 in), the vehicle's width is almost the same as before.

In comparison with the A5 Coupe, the Singleframe radiator grille appears broader and flatter thanks to its new honeycomb structure. It bears both the quattro lettering and the RS5 emblem. Beneath it, a blade in contrasting color runs between the air inlets, connecting these with one another. These also adopt the three-dimensional honeycomb structure and underline the dynamism of the RS5 Coupe.

The standard headlights use LED technology, while the optional Matrix LED headlights are distinguished by their darker tinted bezels. Alongside them are additional lateral air inlets, which make this top-performing athlete appear even wider and more aggressive.

The front of the Audi RS5 Coupe looks sportily aggressive thanks to massive air inlets and RS bumpers with a blade in contrasting color. The broad Singleframe with high-sheen black honeycomb grille and quattro lettering highlights an aluminum-look frame. A sharply drawn shoulder line in the form of the characteristic wave lends the new

Audi RS5 Coupe an emotively elegant expression. For the first time, it now has a three-dimensional form and thus creates interplay between light and shadow. quattro blisters on the flanks emphasize the pronounced bulges over the wheel arches, which have been widened by 15 millimeters (0.6 in). The widened door sills are painted in the vehicle color and also feature inserts in black or optionally carbon. The exterior mirror housings are in matt aluminum look and optionally also in carbon, in the vehicle color or in black.

Sporty accents on the short rear end come in the form of the RS-specific diffuser insert, the oval tailpipes of the RS exhaust system and the vertical air outlets on the outer edges of the LED rear lights. A surface-mounted spoiler lip in black, or optionally in carbon, rounds out the image.


The styling packages - gloss black, carbon and matt aluminum - provide even more customization options. Overall, the Audi RS5 Coupe is available in seven colors, with Audi Sport also offering the exclusive paint color Sonoma green metallic. In the Audi exclusive range, there are also numerous freely selectable exterior paint finishes available.

Engine
With the newly developed 2.9 TFSI, Audi has drawn upon the legendary 2.7 liter V6 from the first RS4 Avant. Produced between 1999 and 2001, it delivered 280 kW (380 hp). Just like the 2.7 liter engine, the new high-performance V6 is also designed as a bi-turbo engine. In comparison with its direct predecessor, a freely-aspirated, high-revving V8 unit, its pulling power and efficiency attain a whole other dimension.
 

From 1,900 to 5,000 rpm, the 2.9 TFSI supplies the crankshaft with an impressive 600 Nm (442.5 lb-ft) of torque, which is 170 Nm (125.4 lb-ft) more than on the previous model. With its 331 kW (450 hp) - which equates to a power ratio of 155.5 hp per liter displacement - the unit accelerates the new RS5 Coupe from zero to 100 km/h (62.1 mph) in 3.9 seconds and thus six tenths of a second faster than before. If the customer orders the RS dynamic package, Audi increases the electronically restricted top speed from 250 km/h (155.3 mph) to 280 km/h (174.0 mph).

Modular concept: the new V6 generation
The 2.9 TFSI was derived from the 3.0 TFSI used in the Audi S5. Because of the greater forces inside the engine, the valve lift has been shortened by 3 millimeters (0.1 in) to 86 millimeters (3.4 in). With its unchanged bore of 84 millimeters (3.3 in), the displacement is 2,894 cm3. The crankcase integrates thin-walled cylinder liners made of gray cast iron and the crankshaft main bearing has a 2-millimeter (0.08 in) larger diameter compared with the 3.0 TFSI.

The crankcase is created from an aluminum-silicon alloy by means of sand casting and weighs just 34 kilograms (75.0 lb). The so-called "deep-skirt" design extends the walls of the crankcase far downwards, which also saves weight. The entire engine weighs just 182 kilograms (401.2 lb) which makes it 31 kilograms (68.3 lb) lighter than its V8 predecessor. Gross weight and axle load distribution are the predominant beneficiaries of this in the new RS5 Coupe.

Typically Audi is the positioning of the exhaust side within the V
Each of the two turbochargers on the 2.9 TFSI is assigned to a single cylinder bank and can build up a maximum of 0.95 bar charge pressure. Like with all new V6 and V8 engines from Audi, the turbochargers are installed within the 90-degree angle of the cylinder banks, and thus the exhaust side of the cylinder heads is on the inside, while the intake side is on the outside of the engine. This layout enables compact construction and short gas flow paths with minimal flow losses - the 2.9 TFSI responds extremely spontaneously to movement of the accelerator pedal.

Fuel savings: the new B-cycle combustion process
The high-output V6 doesn't just impress with its strong performance, but also with its high level of efficiency. In the NEDC, it consumes just 8.7 liters of fuel per 100 kilometers (27.0 US mpg), which corresponds to 197 grams CO2 per kilometer (317.0 g/mi). This means a 17 percent consumption saving compared with the previous model. A decisive factor in this is the new TFSI combustion process from Audi, which is known as the B-cycle. It has been specifically designed for the partial-load range, which is the predominant operating mode during normal use.

In the induction tract, the intake valves close well before the piston reaches bottom dead center. This very short opening time keeps the fresh gas flow comparatively small. When the piston moves back up again after reaching bottom dead center, the compression phase starts later than usual. This allows a high geometric compression ratio of 10.0:1 - the combustion then takes place in a relatively small volume. In comparison to the short compression phase, the expansion phase is extended, which results in a high level of efficiency.

In the classic Miller cycle, the reduced cylinder charge is detrimental to torque and power output. These aspects have been neutralized by Audi thanks to the implementation of turbocharging and the two-stage Audi valvelift system (AVS). The four camshafts of the 2.9 TFSI can each be adjusted by 50 degrees crank angle. At higher load and engine speed ranges, AVS closes the inlet valve later. The opening time increases from 130 to 200 degrees crankshaft angle, while at the same time the valve lift increases from 6.0 to 10.0 millimeters (0.2 to 0.4 in). Cylinder charging also increases considerably - the 2.9 TFSI revs up powerfully and delivers an impressive output.

An important component of the B-cycle combustion process is the central position of the injectors in the combustion chamber. In the area around the inlet valve, this makes possible a geometry which, in interaction with the inlet ports, allows for targeted mixing up of the gas charge. The common-rail system injects the fuel into the combustion chamber with 250 bar of pressure - the high injection pressure ensures a homogeneous spray pattern and consequently a uniform propagation of the flame front.

Separate circuits: thermal management
A further efficiency component of the 2.9 TFSI is the thermal management system. The crankcase and the cylinder head have separate coolant circuits. After a cold start, the switchable water pump controls the flow of coolant through the engine so that the oil is warmed up as quickly as possible. The exhaust manifolds are integrated in the cylinder head, and coolant circulates around them which helps ensure rapid warming up. When the engine is warm, this technology lowers the exhaust temperatures - consumption drops drastically, especially when driving in a sporty way. The great efficiency of the V6 bi-turbo is also partly to do with low friction. For example, the fully adjustable oil pump only builds up as much pressure as necessary.

The chain drive uses a new concept to reduce the drive power required: the crankshaft drives the balancer shaft via gears, with the shaft lying far down in the V of the cylinder banks. From here chains run to the four camshaft sprockets. These are trioval in shape, i.e. they have a slightly triangular shape, in order to compensate for peak forces. The balancer shaft rotates on roller bearings with particularly low levels of friction.

Powerful: the sound of the V6 bi-turbo
Even just starting the vehicle, it has a distinctive sound. At high loads, the flaps in the exhaust system open in order to provide an even fuller sound. Using the standard dynamic handling system Audi drive select, the driver can control the opening and closing of the flaps themselves - both on the standard RS exhaust system as well as on the optional RS Sport exhaust system with black tailpipe trims. The intake system of the V6 bi-turbo has also been extensively optimized: pipes in polished stainless steel allow the unhindered flow of the air inwards.

Drivetrain
The fast, spontaneously and sportily shifting eight-speed tiptronic with optimized shift times is standard on the new Audi RS5 Coupe. The layout of its gear sets and shifting elements results in low drag torques and thereby to a high efficiency level. Its large number of gears very frequently makes it possible to operate the engine close to its ideal load point. The lower gears have short, sporty ratios, while the upper gears are long in order to reduce revs and fuel consumption.

The driver can select between the D and S modes and can use the special RS shift paddles on the steering wheel for manual gear changes. All commands are transmitted to the transmission electrically - by wire. The dynamic starting function controls starts with optimum traction. Using it, the Audi RS5 Coupe can unfold its full acceleration potential. Prerequisite: the ESC sport mode must be active and the selector lever must be in the S position.

Dynamic power distribution: the quattro drive
The quattro permanent all-wheel drive is a unique selling point in the segment. With its asymmetrically dynamic setup, it makes a great contribution to the sporty yet stable handling of the new RS5 Coupe. In regular driving, the system delivers slightly more power to the rear axle. Its purely mechanical center differential directs 60 percent of the torque to the rear axle and 40 percent to the front. If slip occurs at one axle, most of the power is rapidly redirected to the other axle - up to 85 percent to the front or up to 70 percent to the rear axle. These high locking figures enable a clearly defined torque distribution and precise interplay with control systems.

The optional Sport differential with RS-specific tuning ensures an even more dynamic response when cornering and accelerating. It distributes the torque actively and in a targeted manner between the rear wheels. In the latest generation, the differential now weighs around one kilogram (2.2 lb) less.

The wheel-selective torque control rounds out the work of the quattro drive system. When cornering fast, it applies precisely calculated brake interventions at the wheels on the inside of the curve before they begin to spin. The difference between propulsive forces at the wheels makes the car turn into the curve ever so slightly - agility, precision and stability are all further improved.

Tuned specifically to the RS: stabilization control with three modes
The developers have applied RS-specific tuning to the Electronic Stabilization Control (ESC) and the anti-slip control. In addition to the normal mode, there is also a sport mode in which the ESC intervenes later. This mode provides additional driving pleasure, and also enables controlled drifting on low-friction road surfaces. If the driver pushes the button for longer than three seconds, the ESC switches off completely to allow particularly sporty handling.

Chassis
The axle concept of the new RS5 Coupe enables optimal absorption of longitudinal and transverse forces. A revised five-link construction is used on the front axle. At the rear, a five-link suspension replaces the trapezoidal-link suspension used on the previous model. This benefits the sporty driving characteristics and agility. It also improves comfort significantly. With the standard RS sport suspension, the new RS5 Coupe sits 7 millimeters (0.3 in) lower than the base model. Audi Sport offers the RS sport suspension plus with Dynamic Ride Control (DRC) as an alternative. It uses steel springs and three-stage adjustable dampers that are connected to one another via diagonal oil lines and a central valve. When cornering at speed, the valves regulate the oil flow in the shock absorber of the spring-deflected front wheel at the outside of the curve. They increase the support provided and reduce pitch and roll movements. They thus connect the vehicle more closely to the road and improve handling. A new damper generation with integrated control valve ensures much more noticeable spread between the individual modes of the Audi drive select system.

Drivers can create their own personal driving experience using the standard dynamic handling system. Audi drive select influences the characteristics of both the engine and the steering. What's more, the system also adapts the characteristic curve for shifting, as well as the exhaust flaps and further optional modules to suit the four modes: auto, comfort, dynamic and individual.

As an alternative to the further-developed electromechanical power steering, Audi also offers dynamic steering with RS-specific tuning. This uses a superposition gear to vary its ratio by up to 100 percent, depending on the car's speed and the mode selected in the Audi drive select dynamic handling system. At the cornering limits, the system countersteers with tiny impulses, thus further boosting the dynamism and driving safety. In the dynamic setting within Audi drive select, the superposition of the dynamic steering is stiff in order to support a more sporty driving style.

As standard, the RS5 Coupe rides on 19-inch lightweight forged wheels with 265/35 tires. Upon request, 20-inch wheels in various designs are available, among which the new, especially lightweight fully milled wheel. It uses 275/30 tires. Behind the big wheels are powerful RS steel brakes with perforated composite disks. At the front axle, these have a diameter of 375 millimeters (14.8 in), while at the rear, they measure 330 millimeters (13.0 in). The six-piston brake calipers with RS logos are painted in black, or optionally in red. Upon request, Audi can also equip the front axle with high-performance ceramic brakes featuring six-piston brake calipers and perforated disks with a diameter of 400 millimeters (15.7 in).

Body
Just like the entire A5 model family, the new Audi RS5 Coupe also benefits from a drastic reduction in weight. It weighs in at 1,655 kilograms (3,648.7 lb) - 60 kilograms (132.3 lb) less than previously. The body of the new RS5 Coupe is among the lightest in the segment. Thanks to geometrical lightweight construction and an intelligent mix of materials, it weighs 15 kilograms (33.1 lb) less than the body of the previous model. The module cross member under the instrument panel, for instance, consists of extruded aluminum profiles and sheets, and the front cross member is an extruded profile.


The front strut domes are made of highly integrated cast aluminum parts. Compared to sheet steel components made of many individual parts that are welded together, they are eight kilograms (17.6 lb) lighter. This construction allows a very stiff connection between the upper links and the body for the best-possible steering response - optimal conditions for dynamic handling.

Hot-formed parts form the high-strength, crash-safe backbone of the occupant cell. They reinforce the transition from the front body to the interior, the front zone of the roof frame, the B-pillars, side sills and parts of the floor. The proportion of these parts in the body structure is 17 percent. A carbon roof with visible fiber structure is also available as an option, delivering a further weight saving of 3 kilograms (6.6 lb).

The excellent torsional rigidity of the body is the foundation for a highly precise driving response as well as for peace and quiet on board. This allows the new RS5 Coupe to be a step ahead of its competitors. Switchable engine bearings ensure comfort at idle. The new RS5 Coupe also scores top marks for passive safety. In the interior, the adaptive occupant restraint system for the front seats offers outstanding protection. It adjusts the effect of the front airbags and the seat-belt force limiters to the seating position of the driver and front passenger as well as to the type of frontal collision.

Interior
The increased dimensions of the gran turismo, the 15-millimeter (0.6 in) longer wheelbase and more compact seats increase the space for the driver and passengers. The shoulder room in the front row of seats has been increased by 26 millimeters (1.0 in) and the knee room in the rear by 23 millimeters (0.9 in). The central armrest in the front with storage compartment, the big door pockets, two cup holders and a new, closed stowage compartment beneath the rotary light switch further increase the car's everyday usability. One standard feature offering additional convenience to the driver and front passenger is the seat belt height adjustment featuring extending and retracting power belt feeds. The rear bench seat provides space for two passengers and integrates a practical stowage tray between the two seats, as well as a folding armrest. The backrests can be folded forward in the ratio 40:20:40 using the remote unlocking feature in the trunk.


The luggage compartment offers ten liters (0.4 cu ft) more volume than before. It now holds a best-in-segment value of 465 liters (16.4 cu ft). The tailgate opens automatically and the two-door Coupe can be ordered from Audi with optional sensor control. With this, a proximity sensor in the rear bumper reacts to a kicking motion. The tailgate unlocks and opens automatically if the optionally available advanced key is detected.

Sporty interior in black and red: the flat-bottomed RS sport leather steering wheel is standard, as are the stainless steel pedals and RS sport seats. As an option, they can be covered in fine Nappa leather with honeycomb pattern. Red contrasting stitching adds emphasis to the steering wheel, center console, armrests, seats and floor mats. Carbon decorative trim underlines the dynamic appearance.

The horizontal architecture of the instrument panel creates a vast sense of spaciousness in the high-quality, sportily appointed interior of the new RS5 Coupe. As standard, it welcomes the driver and passengers with illuminated door sills bearing the RS5 logo. LED light guides trace the contours of the doors and the center console - doing so in 30 different colors in combination with the optional ambient lighting.

The interior is black. RS sport seats with rhombus pattern and embossed RS emblem underline the character of the high-performance Coupe. They are available in a combination of leather and Alcantara, and feature seat heating and a lumbar support. The RS sport seats are optionally available in fine Nappa leather with honeycomb pattern and contrasting stitching. They are also available in perforated Milano leather.

The flat-bottomed 3-spoke RS multifunction sport leather steering wheel features multifunction buttons for convenient operation of the infotainment system. Equally integrated are high-gloss black shift paddles with aluminum elements. The steering wheel rim bears the RS badge, as does the RS-specific shift gate. An additional optical highlight is the optional RS design package. It brings the sporty contrast color red into play on the center console as well as on the armrests, the seat belts and the floor mats with RS logo. The steering wheel, selector lever and knee pads are all covered with Alcantara. The Sonoma green design package from Audi exclusive enriches the interior with appropriately colored contrasting stitching - perfect for the new, exclusive exterior color.

Display and controls
As standard, the Audi RS5 Coupe features large RS-specific analog instruments for speed (scale up to 320 km/h (198.8 mph)) and revs. Between them is the 7-inch color driver information system. In the basic version, the Audi MMI display in the center console also measures 7 inches, whereas the optional MMI navigation plus has a screen diagonal of 8.3 inches.

The all-digital Audi virtual cockpit is an alternative to the standard analog dial instruments. With a resolution of 1,440 x 540 pixels, the 12.3-inch TFT display provides detailed and selectable graphics. As with all RS models, the RS screen supplements the infotainment and classic displays. It places the rev counter with integrated digital display for speed in central focus. The driver can configure other displays around this, such as torque (in Nm), power (in percent), tire pressure and temperature (in bar/°C) and gâ€'forces. The rev counter also serves as a shift indicator: if the eight-speed tiptronic is in manual mode, green, orange and red segments are activated sequentially as the revs increase. Just before the engine reaches the limit, the entire scale flashes red. The lap timer, a further function of the RS menu, records up to 99 laps and compares the times against each other. Also displayed is the status of important technical components, such as the temperature of the tires, engine oil and transmission fluid, as well as tire pressure.

Another option available is the head-up display. It projects all relevant information onto the windshield in the driver's direct field of vision as easily comprehensible symbols and digits. Drivers can then keep their eyes on the road. Here, too, the RS5 Coupe features specific content like the shift light and displays for lap times and oil temperature.

Operation of the infotainment system occurs via the round rotary push-button on the broad, asymmetrically designed center console. It can be optionally ordered with a touch-sensitive touchpad on its surface for entering characters as well as for multi-finger gestures. Furthermore, the driver can select functions by means of natural language voice control, which recognizes many phrases from everyday life. The intelligent free text search function delivers search results after only a few characters have been entered and, together with the multifunction steering wheel, it rounds out the operating concept.

Optionally available from Audi for the RS5 Coupe is a deluxe automatic climate control system. It regulates air temperature and distribution separately for the driver, front passenger and rear seat passengers. The digital temperature displays in the cockpit are integrated into the dials. Just a few buttons and dials are sufficient for convenient control. When a finger approaches one of the sensory switches, its function is shown enlarged on the dark LCD display and can be selected by pushing the button. Rear seat passengers set the temperature using a separate control unit in the rear center console.

Infotainment and Audi connect
A comprehensive infotainment offering ensures the greatest level of entertainment on-board the new RS5 Coupe. The optionally available MMI navigation plus with MMI touch features an 8.3-inch monitor with a resolution of 1,024 x 480 pixels. In addition to a DVD drive and a 10 GB flash memory, the high-end system also features two card readers, an AUX-IN connection and a USB connection with charging function. The Audi connect hardware module is equally included. It connects the

high-performance Coupe with the internet using LTE technology. Thanks to the Audi connect SIM, which is permanently installed in the car, the flat-rate data package for the connect services including Europe-wide roaming is free of charge for three years. Passengers can browse the internet with their mobile devices via the optionally available Wi-Fi hotspot.

With the traffic sign and hazard information services, the first Car-to-X technologies are already on-board in the new Audi RS5 Coupe. These connect the car to other Audi models so that they can exchange information almost in real time via the Audi connect SIM.

With traffic sign information, the on-board camera analyzes speed limits and reports the data via the cellular phone network to a server in the cloud. The server collects the data, processes it and makes it available to other Audi drivers. Driver assistance systems use this information for predictive and efficient cruise control. The information also flows into updates to Audi navigation maps.

With the hazard information service, cars warn one another about accidents, broken-down vehicles, slippery road surfaces or impaired visibility. The system does this by analyzing multiple parameters, such as the in-car electronics, data from the rain and light sensors, the headlights and the operating mode of the windshield wipers. It reports an accident or breakdown as soon as the eCall system makes an emergency call or an airbag deploys. The system forwards saved information to the cloud. The warnings then appear in the instrument cluster and are read aloud as voice messages in the car.

The free Audi MMI connect app offers many other features, such as transferring your smartphone's calendar to the MMI. It provides access to countless music and audio book titles via Aupeo! and Napster as well as to over 4,000 internet radio stations. Destinations from Google Maps, points of interest (POIs) and the entries from the "Travel" service can be transferred from your smartphone to your car's navigation system using the app.

The functions included in the standard Audi connect safety & service package are likewise convenient and informative. With the remote functions which it includes, the driver can use the Audi MMI connect app to remotely access the vehicle status and call up the location where the vehicle is parked, as well as lock or unlock the car. The package also includes the new functions emergency call, online roadside assistance and Audi service request.

The Audi smartphone interface integrates iOS and Android cellphones via Apple CarPlay and Android Auto respectively into an environment within the MMI developed specially for them. The Audi phone box connects the smartphone to the vehicle antenna for improved reception quality and charges the smartphone inductively via wireless charging according to the Qiâ€'standard.

Concerning the topic of hi-fi, too, the RS5 Coupe sets new standards. The optional Bang & Olufsen Sound System with 3D sound introduces the spatial dimension of height. It utilizes four additional loudspeakers, two each in the instrument panel and the A-pillars. The music sounds like it is being played in a concert hall. The heart of the system is a 755-watt, 16-channel amplifier that drives 20 speakers. Two subwoofers behind the side panel trims in the rear generate the bass.

Driver assistance systems
With up to 30 driver assistance systems, the new RS5 Coupe is superior to its competitors. Some of the solutions are standard features, while the optional systems can be ordered individually or as groups of systems as part of the "Parking," "City" and "Tour" packages. An intelligent combination of different technologies enhances safety, comfort and efficiency. Meanwhile the brand with the four rings is also taking the next step toward piloted driving.

Playing a central role here is the adaptive cruise control (ACC) with stop&go function including traffic jam assist. The ACC keeps the RS5 Coupe at a safe distance to the vehicle in front by automatically accelerating and braking. The driver can choose between five distance stages and adjust acceleration and system response via Audi drive select. The system works together with tiptronic over the entire speed range from 0 to 250 km/h (155.3 mph). The stop & go function brakes the vehicle to a standstill and enables automated restarting at the driver's request. In slow-moving traffic up to 65 km/h (40.4 mph), traffic jam assist decelerates and accelerates the vehicle autonomously. On well-built roads, it can temporarily also take over steering. Within the system limits, the car automatically follows the vehicles ahead, thus relieving the strain on the driver.

The predictive efficiency assistant evaluates GPS information from the car's immediate surroundings and helps to save fuel by giving specific driving advice - a unique feature in this segment. The collision avoidance assist helps the driver to drive around an obstacle and thereby avoid an accident. Based on data from the front camera, ACC and radar sensors, it computes a recommended avoidance track within a fraction of a second. Rounding out the lineup are such assistance systems as turn assist, park assist, cross traffic assist rear, exit warning, camera-based traffic sign recognition and Audi active lane assist.

As standard, the new Audi RS5 Coupe is equipped with the Audi pre sense city system. It monitors the road at speeds of up to 85 km/h (52.8 mph), detects both other vehicles and pedestrians, and initiates full braking in an emergency. Even the lane change assistant Audi side assist is standard. It warns the driver from a speed of 15 km/h (9.3 mph) as soon as the sensors detect a vehicle in the blind spot or if a vehicle rapidly approaches from the rear. In such cases, an LED lights up in the exterior mirror.

The speed limiter, a standard feature, can be set to a speed between 30 and 250 km/h (18.6 to 155.3 mph) as desired by the driver - a very useful tool in cities or when driving through roadworks, for example. In the case of initial signs of driver inattention being detected, the system issues a warning which recommends taking a break.

Equipment
The new RS5 Coupe draws up to the start line with a comprehensive range of standard equipment. Including, among other things, LED headlights and LED rear lights, RS sport suspension, 19-inch aluminum forged wheels, RS exhaust system and the Audi drive select dynamic handling system. Ensuring a sporty air in the dark interior are the RS sport seats in a leather-Alcantara mix with rhombus pattern and lumbar support, as well as a flat-bottomed RS multifunction sport leather steering wheel and stainless steel pedals. At the same time, RS5 drivers benefit from a comfortable ride thanks to climate control, MMI radio plus with 7-inch color display, Bluetooth, belt feeds in conjunction with seat belt height adjustment and adjustable speed limiter. Completing the rich offer of standard equipment are the assistance systems Audi pre sense city, Audi side assist, parking system plus, multicollision brake assist and the Audi connect safety & service package including vehicle control.

Mercedes-Benz E-class Cabriolet(2018 ) First Test Driving Review

There’s something intrinsically hedonistic about a convertible. They’re impractical in many climates, often too small inside to comfortably accommodate rear-seat passengers, and usually more expensive than their coupe or sedan siblings. Still, from To Catch a Thief to Thelma & Louise, they’ve captured the collective imagination as the vehicle of choice for those looking to evade the authorities andhave a good time doing it. Mercedes-Benz probably doesn’t imagine that the drivers of its new E-class cabriolet will ever find themselves on the lam. But by chopping the top off its thoroughly respectable E-class coupe, it is surely hoping to inspire the serene smiles (Grace Kelly) and joyful cackling (Thelma and Louise) that can only come from feeling the wind in your hair.

Sisters from the Same Mister
With two-door E-classes having moved from a C-class–intensive architecture to one shared with the E-class sedan, the new E cabriolet is 5.0 inches longer and 2.9 inches wider than the previous model, creating more passenger space. The most important result of that increase is a genuinely usable rear seat. Four average-size adults can happily coexist in the droptop E400, provided the roof is open and the trip is of a reasonable length. The two rear seats can even have heated cushions, a luxury plenty of four-door sedans don’t offer. 

This newest member of the E-class family shares most of its innards with the also new E-class coupe, including its twin-turbocharged V-6 with 329 horsepower and 354 lb-ft of torque. That engine pairs with Mercedes-Benz’s familiar nine-speed automatic and, as in the coupe, can be had with rear- or 4MATIC all-wheel drive. The twin-turbo V-6 has exactly as much power as this largish droptop needs and not a bit more. A more powerful option—say, an AMG variant—would be welcome, but none currently is offered; the V-6 E400 is the only available cabriolet model.

As it is, the all-wheel-drive E400 4MATIC convertible we drove wafted easily through cities, over hilltops, and past right-lane laggards. It even held its composure through tightly curving mountain passes, but it’s much more at home on fast sweepers than in tight hairpins. The steering is accurate but provides little feedback from the road—although this car’s buyers likely won’t mind. The nine-speed occasionally lurches through its lower gears when accelerating from a crawl in city traffic, but otherwise it’s above reproach.

The same coil-spring suspension and adaptive dampers found in the E400 coupe are standard fare in the convertible. Eco, Sport, Sport+, and Individual modes allow the driver a measure of control over ride firmness, transmission programming, and throttle response. We drove a vehicle outfitted with the optional air-spring suspension, which also adds a Comfort setting.

Comfort mode is perfect for around town, with its welcome delivery of hovercraft-like isolation from the road. The E-class comes standard with 18-inch wheels, while 19-inchers are optional. Either way, the ride is silky smooth. If the path ahead turns winding, Sport mode adds an additional measure of control to limit the body’s motions. More aggressive drivers may enjoy Sport+, but we found its increased engine noise, sharp shifts, and touchy throttle response altogether out of place here.

The many similarities with the E-class coupe don’t prevent the cabriolet from feeling like its own animal. There is a trick windshield header, dubbed Aircap, from which a wind deflector rises to reduce buffeting. Mercedes has stiffened the front end and the floor to prevent body flex, and its acoustic engineers earned their keep with the multilayer power-folding fabric top; with the top up the cabin feels like a cocoon. Then there is the crown jewel of Mercedes-Benz’s convertible technology: Airscarf. Happily back on the menu after a brief absence due to a patent lawsuit, it blows warm air through vents in the front headrests, allowing those in cold climates to extend convertible season late into the fall. During our drive on a 90-degree afternoon, however, we wondered why Mercedes hasn’t routed cool air through those vents, too.

S-class Amenities
This new E-class can be equipped with so much technology and so many luxury features that the uninitiated may mistake it for an S-class. The seats are wrapped in heat-reflecting leather as standard, while nappa leather is available. Two of the several available interior trims feature natural-grain wood. Adjustable, 64-shade ambient lighting, an aromatherapy system, and massaging seats are on the options list, too. A package of optional active-safety technology allows the E-class to cruise autonomously for brief stretches—say, a minute or so—before it requests that the driver put a hand on the wheel.

The end result of the E400 cabriolet’s supremely competent engineering and cosseting appointments is a vehicle that a middle-aged Bertie Wooster might take to his summer home—agile enough to beetle through a hilly countryside but still befitting drivers of a certain status. Of course, this sort of transit comes at a price, and we won’t know the tally on the luxe options until closer to the car’s late-2017 release date. Still, there are few true four-seat, luxury convertibles. We’d recommend a droptop S-class, but it’s summertime, so the leisure class is in Saint Barthélemy and not reading this review. For the rest of us, the E400 cabriolet is all the luxury convertible we’d need. 

Specifications

VEHICLE TYPE:front-engine, front- or all-wheel-drive, 4-passenger, 2-door convertible

ESTIMATED BASE PRICES:E400 Cabriolet, $66,000;
E400 4MATIC Cabriolet, $69,000 

ENGINE TYPE:twin-turbocharged and intercooled DOHC 24-valve V-6, aluminum block and heads, direct fuel injection

Displacement:183 cu in, 2996 cc
Power: 329 hp @ 6000 rpm
Torque: 354 lb-ft @ 1600 rpm

TRANSMISSION:9-speed automatic with manual shifting mode

DIMENSIONS:
Wheelbase: 113.1 in
Length: 190.0 in
Width: 73.2 in Height: 56.2 in
Curb weight (C/D est): 4400-4500 lb

PERFORMANCE (C/DEST):
Zero to 60 mph: 5.0-5.3 sec
Zero to 100 mph: 13.1-13.9 sec
Standing ¼-mile: 13.5-13.7 sec
Top speed: 130 mph

FUEL ECONOMY (C/DEST):
EPA combined/city/highway: 24-25/21-22/29-30 mpg